Vulnerability Scoring System and Database
Vulnerability Scoring System and Database:-
How to Use CVE Vulnerability ? How to check CVE Vulnerability?
In this article you will know about Vulnerability Scoring System and Database, common vulnerabilities and exposure list, how to use cve vulnerability, how to check cve vulnerability etc.
Vulnerability Scoring System and Database:-
Due to the increasing severity of cyber attacks, vulnerability research has become important as it helps in reducing the chances of attacks. Vulnerability research provides awareness about advanced techniques to identify loopholes or flaws in software that can be exploited by attackers.
Vulnerability scoring systems and vulnerability databases are used by security analysts to rank information system vulnerabilities and provide an overall score of the overall severity and risk associated with the identified vulnerabilities. Vulnerability database maintains information about various vulnerabilities present in the information system.
Following are some vulnerability scoring systems and databases:
1. Common Vulnerability Scoring System Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS)
2. Common Vulnerabilities and Risks Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
3. National Vulnerability Database National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
4. Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
1. Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS)
Source: https://www.first.org, https://nvd.nist.gov
CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System) is a published standard that provides an open framework to communicate the characteristics and effects of IT vulnerabilities.
The system’s quantitative model ensures repeatable, accurate measurements while also enabling users to see the underlying vulnerability characteristics that are used to generate scores.
Thus, CVSS is well suited as a standard measurement system for industries, organizations and governments that require accurate and consistent vulnerability impact scores.
Two common uses of CVSS are prioritizing vulnerability remediation activities and calculating the severity of vulnerabilities discovered on one’s system. The National Vulnerability Database (NVD) provides CVSS scores for almost all known vulnerabilities.
CVSS helps to capture the key features of a vulnerability and generates a numerical score to reflect its severity.
This numerical score can then be translated into a qualitative representation (such as low, medium, high, or critical) so that organizations can appropriately assess and prioritize their vulnerability management processes.
The CVSS assessment includes three metrics to measure vulnerabilities:
1. Base Metric: Represents the inherent qualities of vulnerability
2. Temporal Metric: Represents the characteristics that keep on changing during the lifetime of the vulnerability.
3. Environment Metric: Represents the vulnerabilities that are based on a particular environment or implementation.
Each metric assigns a score from 1 to 10, with 10 being the most severe. The CVSS score is calculated and generated by a vector string representing the numerical score for each group as a block of text.
The CVSS calculator ranks security vulnerabilities and provides the user with information about the overall severity and risk of vulnerability.
2. Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
Source: https://cve.mitre.org
CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) is a publicly available and easy-to-use list or dictionary of standardized identifiers for common software vulnerabilities and exposure.
The use of CVE identifiers, or “CVE IDs”, assigned by CVE Numbering Authorities (CNAs) from around the world, ensures trust between parties when discussing or sharing information about software or firmware vulnerabilities.
The CVE tool provides a baseline for evaluation and enables data exchange for more security automation. CVE IDs provide a baseline for evaluating coverage of tools and services so that users can determine which tools are most effective and appropriate for their organization’s needs.
In short, products and services with CVE (common vulnerabilities and exposures list) provide better coverage, easier interoperability and enhanced security.
What is CVE:
1. Is an identifier for a vulnerability or exposure
2. There is a standardized description for each vulnerability or exposure
3. It is a dictionary instead of a database
4. A method for different databases and tools to “speak” the same language
5. Interoperability and better security coverage is the way to go
6. Have a basis for evaluation between services, tools and databases
7. Free for the public to download and use
8. Industry-supported through a range of products and services, including CVE Numbering Authorities, CVE Boards and CVEs
3. National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
Source: https://nvd.nist.gov
NVD (Standards-Based Vulnerability Management Data) for the U.S. It is the repository of the government. It uses the Security Content Automation Protocol (SCAP). This type of data serves to enable automation of vulnerability management, security measurement and compliance.
The NVD includes a database of security checklist references, security-related software flaws, misconfiguration, product names, and impact metrics.
NVD does an analysis on CVEs published in the CVE dictionary. NVD staff is tasked with analyzing the CVE by collecting data points from descriptions, supplied references and any supplemental data that is publicly available.
This analysis resulted in association impact metrics (Common Vulnerability Scoring System – CVSS), vulnerability types (Common Weakness Enumeration – CWE), and applicability statements (Common Platform Enumeration – CPE), as well as other relevant metadata.
NVD does not actively conduct vulnerability testing; It is up to vendors, third-party security researchers and vulnerability coordinators to provide the information used to specify these characteristics.
4. Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
Source: https://cwe.mitre.org
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) is a system for software vulnerabilities and weaknesses. It is sponsored by National Cybersecurity FFRDC, owned by MITER Corporation, US-CERT and U.S. With the support of the National Cyber Security Division of the Department of Homeland Security.
It has over 600 categories of weaknesses, giving CWE the ability to be effectively employed by the community as a baseline for weakness identification, mitigation and prevention efforts.
It also has an advanced search technique where attackers can find and spot weaknesses based on research concepts, development concepts and architectural concepts.